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VOL. 8, ISSUE 4 (2026)
Pollution load carrying capacity and water pollution index in the upstream and downstream sections of the Tondano River
Authors
Treesje Katrina Londa
Abstract
The Tondano River is an important water resource in North Sulawesi,
Indonesia, supporting ecological functions and community livelihoods. Human
activities within its watershed may increase pollutant inputs and alter water
quality. This study assessed water quality, calculated the Pollution Index
(PI), and evaluated pollution load carrying capacity (PLCC) at upstream and
downstream sites. A quantitative descriptive approach was applied using
purposive water sampling at two locations and laboratory analysis of water
quality parameters. The PI was calculated for nitrate, total dissolved solids
(TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and
biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), using Class IV standards in Appendix VI of
Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. PLCC was estimated from the
difference between allowable and existing pollutant loads. Reported PI values
were 0.0775 upstream and 0.1881 downstream, indicating compliance for the
parameters included in the index. Nitrate increased from 2 to 5 mg/L, TSS from
2.2 to 37 mg/L, and BOD from 0.1 to 0.3 mg/L downstream, whereas TDS decreased
from 116 to 72 mg/L. All five evaluated parameters had positive reported PLCC
values. These results indicate remaining calculated loading capacity under the
selected Class IV criteria, with higher downstream concentrations of several
pollution indicators. Continued monitoring and source control are recommended.
Interpretation is limited by the two-site design and incomplete documentation
of discharge measurements and load calculations.
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Pages:212-215
How to cite this article:
Treesje Katrina Londa "Pollution load carrying capacity and water pollution index in the upstream and downstream sections of the Tondano River". International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Vol 8, Issue 4, 2026, Pages 212-215
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