Worldwide, more than three billion people are dependent on the burning of solid fuel for cooking and heating of their houses. Incomplete combustion products emitted into the indoor air form a health threat, especially for women, young children and senior citizens. Air quality is also influenced on a local and global scale and the unsustainable harvesting of fuel wood leads to deforestation. Household (Kitchen) environmental quality has a significant impact on public health and well-being. These hazards cause and exacerbate a variety of adverse health effects in humans, ranging from acute and chronic respiratory symptoms etc. This review is an attempt to explore effects of kitchen allergen exposure and focusing on household (kitchen) pollutants such as carbon monoxide and particulate matter (PM_2.5) due to combustion of solid fuel. Additionally, control measures are described and improvement of such harmful environmental conditions should be undertaken.